1. Communicative Language Teaching (CLT): This method emphasizes communication as the primary goal of language teaching. It encourages students to interact with their peers or teacher using English through role-plays, debates, discussions, and other activities.

2. Task-Based Learning (TBL): This approach involves giving students a real-life task and engaging them in problem-solving activities. The focus is on improving the students' language skills through task completion rather than direct language teaching.

3. Grammar Translation Method (GTM): This method is based on the traditional approach to teaching languages. Teachers focus on teaching grammar rules and translating texts from the target language to the native language.

4. Audio-Lingual Method (ALM): This approach focuses on teaching students the structures and patterns of a language through repetition and memorization. The emphasis is on developing listening, speaking, and writing skills.

5. Content-Based Instruction (CBI): This method involves teaching language through a subject other than language itself. For example, students learn English while studying science or history in English.

English teachers need to have a strong understanding of language acquisition theories, linguistic concepts, and proficiency levels. They should also be familiar with different teaching methods and classroom management techniques.